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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - American Samoa (2005)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z American Samoa (2005)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)American Samoa (2005)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsAmerican Samoa
Administrative divisions - none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
Age structure - 0-14 years: 35.7% (male 10,705/female 9,956)


15-64 years: 61.3% (male 18,351/female 17,125)


65 years and over: 3% (male 664/female 1,080) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products - bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Airports - 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 199 sq km


land: 199 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Birth rate - 23.13 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget - revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)


expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY96/97)
Capital - Pago Pago
Climate tropical tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 74.1 km 116 km
Constitution - ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa


conventional short form: American Samoa


abbreviation: AS
Death rate - 3.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches none
Economic aid - recipient - important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994
Economy - overview no economic activity This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.
Electricity - consumption - 120.9 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production - 130 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Lata 966 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Ethnic groups - native Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003)


cabinet: cabinet made up of 12 department directors


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008)


election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%
Exports - NA
Exports - commodities - canned tuna 93%
Exports - partners - Samoa 39.8%, Australia 19.9%, Japan 15.1%, New Zealand 10.5% (2004)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description the flag of Australia is used blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 14 20 S, 170 00 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
Highways - total: 185 km


paved: 185 km


unpaved: 0 km (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - NA
Imports - commodities - materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%
Imports - partners - Japan 31.4%, New Zealand 27.9%, Germany 17.1%, Australia 8.9% (2004)
Independence - none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Infant mortality rate - total: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.85 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 8.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch - High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Labor force - 14,000 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - tuna canneries 34%, government 33%, other 33% (1990)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)		 arable land: 10%


permanent crops: 15%


other: 75% (2001)
Languages - Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2%


note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply NA
Legislative branch - bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18


note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 75.84 years


male: 72.27 years


female: 79.62 years (2005 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 98%


female: 97% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of the US
National holiday - Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Nationality - noun: American Samoan(s)


adjective: American Samoan
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards typhoons common from December to March
Natural resources fish pumice, pumicite
Net migration rate - -20.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 57,881 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - -0.11% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors - Pago Pago
Radio broadcast stations - AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2004)
Religions - Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female


total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station


international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 15,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 2,377 (1999)
Television broadcast stations - 1; note - one cable TV station (2004)
Terrain low with sand and coral five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Total fertility rate - 3.25 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate - 6% (2000)
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